Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, 2nd edition. These are the revised international
rules for cataloging which are used in the Online Catalog. "AACR2 rev." is
the 1988 revision of the Code.
ALA
American Library Association.
AUL
Associate University Librarian. Each AUL is responsible for an area of PUL's
operations: technical services, reference and collection development, special
libraries, administrative services, and rare books and special collections.
Annex
Storage locations for low use library materials, and library materials requiring
enhanced security.
Approval Plan
A method of acquiring library materials in which a supplier is given a subject
profile outlining what types of books and other materials are to be supplied.
The library retains the option of returning unwanted items. Most approval
plans include a notification service for items not supplied on approval but
which the library may want to order.
Archive(s)
A collection of permanently valuable historical records documenting a particular
subject or activity or transaction. Also the repository where such a collection
is kept.
Binding Information System is the name of the software developed by Wert
Bookbinding for libraries to provide them with binding information for both
monographs and serial volumes.
Computer laser discs on which information (bibliographic citations, abstracts,
full-text) is stored for access via computer workstations.
Card Catalog
The file of over six million cards on the first floor of Firestone, representing
items cataloged for any location in the Princeton University Library system
through the end of 1980. Most items included are books and serials, but the
Card Catalog also contains records for some, though by no means all, government
documents, microforms, and other types of material. In general, each item
is represented by several cards to provide approaches by author, title, and
subject. Cards are filed in a single alphabet, following complex filing rules.
The previous term used for the Card Catalog was "Public Catalog 1" or "PC1".
This is now in computerized image form, and called the "Electronic Card Catalog."
CAS
Classed as a set. Applies to series with distinctive individual titles which
are cataloged separately (each title gets its own bibliographic record), but
which are assigned the same call number with the appropriate volume number
at the end.
Classification
A system for assigning certain letters or numbers to books in order to group
them in different subject areas. PUL uses two classification systems:
LC - Library of Congress classification system developed at the largest
library in the country, the Library of Congress in Washington, D.C.
Richardson - a classification system developed at the turn of the century
by Ernest Richardson, a Princeton University Librarian.
Client/server
An implementation of computer technology, in contrast to mainframe or "host"
based systems, which distribute computing activity over several machines.
Typically, but not exclusively, client/server architecture involves having
the principal database stored on a high powered machine that acts as a "server"
while the application or end-user interface runs on a workstation with computing
power of its own, like a pc. This pc would be called the client. Client software
typically is written to query the server, retrieve large amounts of data from
it, and perform data manipulation and presentation on the client machine.
In host/mainframe architecture, the data storage and manipulation all takes
place on the central computer.
Council (Library Council)
A body composed of the University Librarian, the Deputy University Librarian,
the Associate and Assistant University Librarians, the Systems Librarian,
the Preservation Librarian, the Human Resources Librarian, and the Staff Development
Librarian. The Council, which normally meets once a week, serves as the University
Librarian's principal advisory body on matters such as the coordination of
internal policy and procedures and the resolution of interdepartmental operating
problems. It also advises on issues of general concern to the welfare of the
University Library.
Location designation for the General and Humanities Reference Room located
on the first floor of Firestone. Other location designations appear on an
information sheet available near the Information Center on the 1st floor of
Firestone.
Department
Within the library, there are at present 5 departments: Administrative Services,
Reference and Collection Development (RCD), Rare Books and Special Collections,
Special Libraries, and Technical Services all of which function under the
Library Administration. The organization chart shows these and the units which
make up each department.
An image database of approximately six million cards arranged in a single
alphabetic sequence from A to Z. It includes materials not only in the Firestone
stacks but also in the special libraries and collections inside and outside
Firestone Library. The Electronic Card Catalog is accessed at workstations,
using a keyboard and a mouse. You can search by author, title, or subject.
Entry
Refers to the aspect of a catalog record by which it is retrieved, for example,
an author entry.
Folio is the public, online system that provides a uniform searching interface
for a collection of special PUL databases. Databases searchable in Folio,
include news reports from Chile, CRL (Center for Research Libraries catalog),
EAI (Expanded Academic Index), Early American Imprints, GPO (monthly catalog
of U.S. Government publications), LASP (Latin America, Spain and Portugal
Serials List), MASC (PU manuscripts, archives, and special collections), and
NNI (National Newspaper Index).
Geac Computers International Inc. is the name of the company from which
PUL has acquired the automated circulation/reserve and acquisition/serial
control system. It is located in Markham, Ontario, Canada. "Geac" is also
commonly used as an alternate term referring to the automated system described
above.
Gopher
A tool developed at University of Minnesota for setting up information rich
resources behind a menu-driven interface. Gopher servers incorporate text
and graphics, file ransfer using FTP, links to remote services via Telnet,
and other gopher servers. Many sites offer a large and varied selection of
services and files, and the contents of gopher servers are often searchable
using Veronica.
Government Document
Any publication issued at government expense or published under the authority
of a governmental body. Included are official papers that record the actions
or deliberations of government (such as the Congressional Record), informational
publications (like the many statistical compilations of the Bureau of the
Census), and reports of research done under government contract.
International Standard Book Number/International Standard Serial Number.
Internet
A network of networks that includes local area, regional, and national backbone
networks and spans many countries and continents. Networks on the Internet
use the same telecommunications protocol (TCP/IP) and provide many services
and protocols such as electronic mail, remote login, and file transfer.
Any searchable word in the Online Catalog. For example, words in authors'
names and all words in titles or subject headings are keywords. Other words
in the MARC record are also searchable, such as words from the imprint and
contents note. Some systems other than the Online Catalog also use a keyword
approach to searching.
A computer network limited to the immediate area, usually the same building
or floor of the building.
The Library Gateway
Provides access to selected electronic library resources, including the
Online Catalog, Online Circulation System, Eureka, GPO Database, Online Catalog
of the Center for Research Libraries, National Newspaper Index, Expanded Academic
Index, Princeton Manuscripts, Archives, and Special Collections Database,
and online catalogs of other research libraries. These resources and others
are presented in subject-organized menus and submenus.
Listserv Lists (or Listservers)
These electronic mailing lists facilitate electronic discussion on any number
of topics. They are typically available through electronic mail or through
USENET NEWS facilities.
The standard format for machine-readable bibliographic records.
MCS
Monographs classed separately. Applies to series which have distinctive
individual titles and which are cataloged separately with distinct call
numbers.
Microforms
Photographic images greatly reduced in size from the original.
Microfilm: 35 mm or 16 mm roll of film, much like the film used in an
ordinary camera.
Microfiche: Transparent sheet of microfilm usually four by six inches,
holding 60 or 98 pages per fiche.
National Coordinated Cataloging Operations at the Library of Congress (formerly
Name Authority Co-op). Catalogers in the Technical Services and Rare Books
Departments and in the Gest Oriental Library contribute records to the national
authority file via NACO. Princeton has been a participant since 1980.
NJLA
New Jersey Library Association.
NjP
The NUC library identifier for Princeton University Libraries.
NJPG
The RLIN library identifier for Princeton University Libraries (General
Collection).
NJPX
The RLIN library identifier for Princeton's Gest Library collection.
NJULS
New Jersey Union List of Serials, a microfiche listing of the serial holdings
of many New Jersey academic, public and special libraries.
NOTIS
Princeton's Online Catalog. One of the products of Ameritech, a company
located in Evanston, IL.
NR
Location designation for area of the Firestone Periodicals Room where current
issues of general newspapers are shelved.
NREN
The National Research and Education Network is a proposed improved U.S.
computer network that is expected to take the place of the Internet.
NUC
The National Union Catalog, in book or fiche format. This multi-volume catalog
indicates which major U.S. and Canadian libraries own particular titles.
Online Computer Library Center, Inc. A consortium of various libraries serving
its members with an online file of bibliographic information, online union
catalog, shared cataloging system, interlibrary loan system, and serials control.
PUL has access to this system via computer terminals in the General and Humanities
Reference Room, in Technical Services, and in Interlibrary Services. Princeton
provides interlibrary loan service to New Jersey libraries via the OCLC interlibrary
loan system.
OPAC
Online Public Access Catalog is any type of computerized library catalog,
such as Princeton's online catalog.
Online Catalog
The in-house database of machine-readable catalog records, covering items
cataloged for any PUL location from January 1980 on. We have acquired software
for the Online Catalog from Ameritech. The Online Catalog can be searched
by author, title, subject, call number, or keyword.
Oversize books
Books which are larger than average and therefore cannot be accommodated
on the usual shelves. The books are shelved in specially designated areas.
Oversized oks are identified by q(quarto), e(elephant), f(folio) at the end
of the call number.
Location designation for the Firestone Periodicals Room. Located on A floor,
in the same area as the Reserve Room, PR houses many of Princeton's current
periodicals in the social sciences and humanities.
PUL
Princeton University Libraries; also the OCLC library identifier for Princeton
University Libraries.
The Princeton University Libraries Web Server
The address (URL) for the Libraries' Web Server is: http://infoshare1.princeton.edu:2003.
It contains general information about the Princeton University Libraries,
subject-searchable indexes of the collections and professional staff, and
in-depth descriptions of the electronic resources accessible in the Library
System. The "Virtual Library" link provides access to Internet resources,
including catalogs of other libraries worldwide, dictionaries, and many classic
works in full-text.
Patron
One who uses PUL; also referred to as "user" or "reader" or "researcher."
Research Libraries Group. RLG is a corporation owned by major universities
and research institutions. RLG is dedicated to solving common problems, providing
sophisticated access to bibliographic information, maintaining an automated
union catalog (called RLIN), expedited interlibrary borrowing and lending
of materials for patrons, and developing cooperative collection development
and preservation programs.
RLIN
Research Libraries Information Network. RLIN is the automated bibliographic
information system which supports RLG's principal programs. PUL has access
to this system via computer terminals.
Location designation for the Social Science Reference Center located on
the A floor of Firestone Library.
Selector
A librarian who decides what materials the libraries will acquire. Selectors
may be heads of special libraries or subject collections, reference librarians,
or bibliographers whose primary function is selection.
Serial
A publication issued in successive parts and usually bearing numerical or
chronological designations. Serials are intended to continue indefinitely.
Examples are: periodicals, newspapers, yearbooks, etc.
Server
Software that allows a computer to offer a service to another computer.
Other computers contact the server program by means of matching client software.
It is also the computer on which the server software runs.
Shelf List
A file of catalog cards filed in call number order, that is, in the same
order the books are found on the shelf. At Princeton, there are both Richardson
and Library of Congress shelf lists, each of which is arranged by location
and then by call number. The shelf list was closed in 1995.
Small books
Books which are significantly smaller in height or width than average, and
therefore are usually not accommodated on the regular shelves. The books may
be shelved in specially designated areas or in one of the annexes. Small books
are identified by an "s" at the end of the call number.
Special Collections
Collections constituting materials of artifactual and particular research
value. They are organized and housed by format, such as Rare Books, Manuscripts,
University Archives, Visual Materials, Numismatics, and Papyrology. All are
part of the Department of Rare Books and Special Collections.
Special
Separate libraries which deal with departmental studies, such as Libraries
architecture, art, biology, or engineering. At PUL these are often parochially
called "outside libraries," i.e., outside of Firestone; or branch libraries.
Most of these libraries are part of the Department of Special Libraries.
Stacks
Shelves on which books are arranged for use in call number order. The terms
"in the stacks" or "in Firestone" usually refer to the general collection,
rather than to specialized areas.
Subject Collections
Collections dealing with special subjects and housed in a defined physical
area as distinguished from open stacks; examples are the Afro-American Studies
Collection, the Music Collection, the collections forming the Social Science
Reference Center, the Miriam Y. Holden Collection on the History of Women,
and the Biology Library. Each of these is in the charge of a librarian who
is responsible for book selection and reference assistance.
The Internet protocol for remote terminal connection service. Telnet allows
a user at one site to interact with a system at another site as if the user's
terminal were connected directly to the remote computer.
Wide-Area Information Servers; a very powerful system for locating information
in databases across the Internet.
World Wide Web (WWW or W3)
Presents materials to the user in the form of interlinked documents, known
as "hypertext." Through WWW a user is able to jump from one document to a
related item in another document through pre-established links.
