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Primary sources for historical research: Russia, the Soviet Union, and Eastern Europe

This guide lists important collections of primary sources on Russia, the Soviet Union, Eastern Europe and Central Asia held by the Princeton University Library. It covers microform, print and digital collections. Microforms listed in this guide are housed in Firestone Library Microforms Service on C floor. Printed guides to these collections are usually also housed in Microforms Service and have call numbers beginning "FilmB." A few collections held by Princeton Theological Seminary or by the Center for Research Libraries are also listed in this guide. Please consult a librarian for help if you would like to use these collections. For further information, please see Guides to primary sources for historical research: introduction.

Table of Contents

See also Russian Studies and Slavic Resources for additional materials, primarily in Russian.

U.S. government records

Despatches from United States consuls in Archangel, 1811-1861 [microform]
1096.795.92.4 1 reel Printed guide: none
Originals held by National Archives as part of Record Group 59, General Records of the Dept. of State, Consular Correspondence. See http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/059.html#59.2.2
Despatches from United States consuls in Belgrade, 1883-1906 [microfilm]
1096.991.92 1 reel Printed guide: none
Originals held by National Archives as part of Record Group 59, General Records of the Dept. of State, Consular Correspondence. See http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/059.html#59.2.2
Despatches from United States consuls in Budapest, 1876-1906 [microform]
1096.479.92 4 reels Printed guide: none
Originals held by National Archives as part of Record Group 59, General Records of the Dept. of State, Consular Correspondence. See http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/059.html#59.2.2
Despatches from United States consuls in Revel, 1859-1870
1096.795.92 1 reel Printed guide: none
Originals held by National Archives as part of Record Group 59, General Records of the Dept. of State, Consular Correspondence. See http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/059.html#59.2.2
Despatches from United States consuls in Riga, 1834-1872, 1890-1906 [microform]
1096.795.92.2 1 reel Printed guide: none
Originals held by National Archives as part of Record Group 59, General Records of the Dept. of State, Consular Correspondence. See http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/059.html#59.2.2
CIA research reports [microform]
Microfilm 01861 5 reels Printed guide: Firestone Microforms Firestone Microforms D839.3.C52
Comprises reports and memos prepared by the Central Intelligence Agency to inform U.S. policy. See http://www.lexisnexis.com/academic/upa_cis/group.asp?g=440
This collection covers The Soviet Union, 1946-1976.
U.S. military intelligence reports [microform]: the Soviet Union, 1919-1941
Microfilm 06674 10 reels Printed guide: Firestone Microforms DK54 .U68
"U.S. Military Intelligence Reports offers comprehensive documentation of events and trends in key areas from embassy military attaches and their staffs. Because of the key role of the military in Soviet politics and diplomacy, these military intelligence reports can be used as essential background material for research on a wide range of topics." See http://academic.lexisnexis.com/documents/upa_cis/3341_USMIRSovUnion.pdf
Records of the Joint Chiefs of Staff [microform]
Microfilm 11959   Printed guide: Firestone Microforms Firestone Microforms UA23.G842
This collection "includes the intelligence gathering, military reporting, and various draft plans out of which U.S. military and political policy arose." The collection is organized geographically. On Russia: 1946-1953: The Soviet Union (7 reels). Note that we also have the rest of this collection.
O.S.S./State Department intelligence and research reports [microform]
Microfilm 05132 See below Printed guide: Firestone Microforms Firestone Microforms D839.3.G84
Comprises reports prepared by the Office of Strategic Services and the Dept. of State to inform U.S. policy. On Russia, see Part 6 -- Soviet Union (8 reels) and Part 11 -- Soviet Union, 1950-1961 (6 reels) See http://www.lexisnexis.com/academic/2upa/Isiaas/OSS.asp.
Soviet Union--special studies [microform]
See below See below Printed guide: Firestone Microforms Firestone Microforms DK63.3.K47
This collection comprises studies prepared by a variety of government and non-governmental organizations to inform U.S. policy making.
  • 1970-1980 (9 reels) Microfilm 04789
  • 1980-1982 suppl. (8 reels) Microfilm 04789
  • 1982-1985 suppl. (9 reels) Microfilm 04789
  • 1985-1988 suppl. (10 reels) Microfilm 04789
  • 1989-1991 suppl. (13 reels) Microfilm 04789
  • 1992-1994 suppl. (15 reels) Microfilm 04789
  • 1995-1997 suppl. (12 reels) Microfilm 11880
  • 1998-2002 suppl. (14 reels) Microfilm 11956
Lyndon B. Johnson National Security Files: USSR and Eastern Europe [microform]: national security files, 1963-1969
Microfilm 08671, Microfilm 08673   Printed guide: Firestone Microforms E846 .L96
This collection comprises documents on U.S. foreign policy and international relations from the Lyndon B. Johnson Library, including correspondence and reports. See http://www.lexisnexis.com/academic/2upa/Isiaas/NationalSecurityFiles.asp
Richard M. Nixon national security files, 1969-1974. USSR and Eastern Europe [microform]
Microfilm 11968 18 reels Printed guide: Firestone Microforms D1065.S65 R52 2006
"The Richard M. Nixon National Security Files, 1969–1974, USSR and Eastern Europe, consists of documents on political, diplomatic, economic, and social developments concerning mainly the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and its relationship with the United States, China, Eastern Europe, and the Middle East. These files also deal with Eastern Europe, but to a lesser extent. The reels are organized by country. The collection contains cables and letters from diplomatic personnel; reports of meetings with foreign government officials and leaders; transcripts of speeches; and political, economic, and diplomatic assessments analyzing relations with foreign governments."
Confidential U.S. diplomatic post records [microform]: Russia and the Soviet Union
Microfilm 00850 145 reels Printed guide: Firestone Microforms Firestone Microforms E744.C663
Material from the National Archives, Record Group 84, Records of the Foreign Service Posts of the Department of State. See http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/084.html. Covers: Pt. 1. Russia: from czar to commissars, 1914-1918 (10 reels) -- Pt. 2, Sect. A. The Soviet Union, 1919-1924 (20 reels) -- Pt. 2, Sect. B. The Soviet Union, 1925-1933 (55 reels) -- Pt. 3. The Soviet Union, 1934-1941 (60 reels).
Confidential U.S. State Department central files. The Soviet Union. Foreign affairs, 1945-1949 [microform]
Microfilm 05572 10 reels Printed guide: Firestone Microforms Firestone Microforms DK267.L477
Originals held by National Archives as part of Record Group 59, General Records of the Dept. of State. See http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/059.html
Confidential U.S. State Department central files. The Soviet Union. Foreign affairs, 1950-1954 [microform]
Microfilm 05571 12 reels Printed guide: Firestone Microforms Firestone Microforms DK267.L4772.
Originals held by National Archives as part of Record Group 59, General Records of the Dept. of State. See http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/059.html
Confidential U.S. State Department central files. The Soviet Union. Foreign affairs, 1955-1959 [microform]: decimal numbers 661 and 611.61
Microfilm 06659 15 reels Printed guide: Firestone Microforms Firestone Microforms DK282 .C66 1989
Originals held by National Archives as part of Record Group 59, General Records of the Dept. of State. See http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/059.html
Confidential U.S. State Department central files. The Soviet Union 1960-January 1963. Foreign affairs [microform]: decimal numbers 661 and 611.61
Microfilm 11679 10 reels Printed guide: Firestone Microforms Firestone Microforms DK282 .C662 2000
Originals held by National Archives as part of Record Group 59, General Records of the Dept. of State. See http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/059.html
Confidential U.S. State Department central files. The Soviet Union 1960-January 1963. Internal affairs [microform]: decimal numbers 761, 861, and 961
Microfilm 11678 32 reels Printed guide: Firestone Microforms Firestone Microforms DK274 .C597 2000
Originals held by National Archives as part of Record Group 59, General Records of the Dept. of State. See http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/059.html
Confidential U.S. State Department central files. Poland, 1945-1949 [microform]: internal affairs, decimal number 860C and foreign affairs, decimal numbers 760C and 711.60C
Microfilm 10578 29 reels Printed guide: Firestone Microforms Firestone Microforms DK4429 .C663
Originals held by National Archives as part of Record Group 59, General Records of the Dept. of State. See http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/059.html
Confidential U.S. State Department central files. Poland, 1950-1954 [microform]: internal affairs, decimal numbers 748, 848, and 948 and foreign affairs, decimal numbers 648 and 611.48 /
Microfilm 10577 17 reels Printed guide: Firestone Microforms Firestone Microforms DK4429 .C664
Originals held by National Archives as part of Record Group 59, General Records of the Dept. of State. See http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/059.html
Records of the Department of State relating to internal affairs of ...
Available through interlibrary loan from the Center for Research Libraries. See Borrowing Microforms from the Center for Research Libraries for more information.
  • Records of the Department of State relating to internal affairs of Austria-Hungary and Austria, 1910-1954
  • Records of the U.S. Department of State relating to the internal affairs of Bulgaria, 1910-1954
  • Records of the U.S. Department of State relating to the internal affairs of Czechoslovakia, 1910-1954
  • Records of the U.S. Department of State relating to the internal affairs of Greece, 1910-1954
  • Records of the U.S. Department of State relating to the internal affairs of Hungary, 1930-1959
  • Records of the Department of State relating to internal affairs of Latvia, 1910-1944
  • Records of the Department of State relating to internal affairs of Lithuania, 1910-1944
  • Records of the Department of State relating to internal affairs of Poland, 1916-1944
  • Records of the Department of State relating to internal affairs of Romania, 1910-1954
  • Records of the Department of State relating to internal affairs of Russia and the Soviet Union, 1910-44
  • Confidential U.S. State Department central files. The Soviet Union, internal affairs, 1945-1954
  • Records of the Department of State relating to internal affairs of Serbia and to political relations between the United States and Serbia, 1910-1929
  • Records of the Department of State relating to political relations of Turkey, Greece and the Balkan states, 1930-1939
  • Records of the Department of State relating to the internal affairs of the Ukraine, 1918-1949
  • Records of the Department of State relating to internal affairs of Yugoslavia, 1910-1954

British government records

Oriental question, 1840-1900 [microform]: files from the Royal Archives, Windsor Castle.
Microfilm 05589 38 reels Printed guide: Firestone Microforms DA550.L47
"The history of British foreign relations in the 19th century is a record of shifting strategies, policies, and alignments....One issue of great importance for the direction of British policy in these years was the Eastern, or Oriental, Question-the problems brought about by the decline of the Ottoman Empire. With the balance of power in Europe at stake, the Eastern Question was a continuing diplomatic concern, and its significance is clearly seen in the correspondence, memoranda, and policy analyses found in the Royal Archives."
British Foreign Office Russia correspondence [microform]
Microfilm 02266 See below. Printed guide: Firestone Microforms DA47.65.B74
"The Russia Correspondence files of the British Foreign Office are fundamental sources for research on Russian/Soviet history and Anglo-Russian relations. These files contain the dispatches, instructions, reports, memorandums, and other communications that flowed between the Foreign Office in London and the British embassy and consulates in Russia and surrounding countries." Covers 1906-1917 (89 reels); 1922-1929 (96 reels); 1930-1940 (117 reels); 1941-1945 (96 reels); 1946-1948 (61 reels)
British documents on foreign affairs---reports and papers from the Foreign Office confidential print. Part I, from the mid-nineteenth century to the First World War. Series A, Russia, 1859-1914
Oversize JX632 .B74 1983q    
British documents on foreign affairs is a multivolume printed edition of records from the British Foreign Office Confidential Print. These records are diplomatic papers and reports originally published for the British government. See the Main Catalog record for this title for a list of countries and dates of coverage in each volume. See also http://www.lexisnexis.com/academic/2upa/Isiaas/
BritishDocumentsForeignAffairs.asp

British documents on foreign affairs--reports and papers from the Foreign Office confidential print. Part II, From the First to the Second World War. Series A, the Soviet Union, 1917-1939
Oversize JX632.B742 1984q    
See above.
British documents on foreign affairs: reports and papers from the Foreign Office confidential print. Part V, From 1951 through 1956. Series F, Europe, 1951
Oversize JZ632 .B77966 2005q    
See above.
British documents on foreign affairs--reports and papers from the Foreign Office confidential print. Part III. From 1940 through 1945. Series A. The Soviet Union and Finland
JX632 B7762 1997q    
See above.
British documents on foreign affairs--reports and papers from the Foreign Office confidential print. Part IV, From 1946 through 1950. Series A, Soviet Union and Finland
JZ632.B77 1999    
See above.
British documents on foreign affairs--reports and papers from the Foreign Office confidential print. Part V, From 1951 through 1956. Series A, The Soviet Union and Finland, 1951
JZ632 .B7796 2005    
See above.
Anglo-Russian [microform]
Microfilm 11873 2 reels Printed guide: none
From the larger collection "Business and financial papers, 1780-1939. Series 1, International trade." See http://www.adam-matthew-publications.co.uk/digital_guides/ business_and_financial_papers_series_one_parts_1and2/Contents.aspx
Free Russia [microform]: the organ of the English Society of Friends of Russian Freedom
Microfilm 11874 2 reels Printed guide: none
From the larger collection "Business and financial papers, 1780-1939. Series 1, International trade." See http://www.adam-matthew-publications.co.uk/digital_guides/ business_and_financial_papers_series_one_parts_1and2/Contents.aspx

Periodicals and pamphlet collections

Fond 89, declassified documents, collection of duplicates [microform]
Microfilm 10589 25 reels Printed guide: none
From the Archives of the Soviet Communist Party, State Archival Service of Russia and the Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace. See http://www.hoover.org/publications/digest/3523571.html for more information.
Soviet biographic archive 1954-1985 [microform]
Microfiche 1026 2812 microfiche Printed guide: none
In Russian. "Biographical clippings and abstracts arranged by name according to the Russian alphabet."
Everyday Stalinism [microform] / RGAE
Microfiche 2112 1141 microfiche Printed guide: none
See guide at http://www.idc.nl/catalog/faid/371faid.html.
Newspapers from the Russian revolutionary era
Microfilm S01054   Printed guide: Firestone Microforms AP50.A1R48
"Describing events leading up to and including the overthrow of the Russian Empire, this significant collection makes available rare holdings of Russian newspapers from Columbia University’s Herbert Lehman Library and other major sources.... In addition to the Russian newspapers, the collection presents papers printed during this time in other countries, which complement the Russian reports and give scholars outsiders’ accounts of the Revolution." See http://microformguides.gale.com/Data/Download/2043000R.pdf
Central Asian serials from late Imperial Russia [microform]
Microfilm S01855 638 reels Printed guide: none
From the Nationalities Division of the Russian National Library. Materials written in Russian and in various languages of the nationalities of Central Asian republics of the Former Soviet Union (Tajik, Uzbek, Turkmen).
Menshevik collection of newspapers, periodicals, pamphlets and books related to the Menshevik movement
1627.189.783.87 76 reels Printed guide: Firestone Microforms Z7164.S67S72
Microfilm of originals in the Hoover Institution on War, Revolution, and Peace. Text in Russian. "Includes over 200 separate titles and thousands of issues of journals and newspapers....Covers the entire period of 1903-1919."
Russian revolutionary pamphlets, 1860-1923 [microform]
Microfiche 1403 243 microfiches Printed guide: Firestone Microforms Oversize DK188 .R877q
Material from the British Library of Political and Economic Science.
Yugoslavia [microform]: peoples, states and society: socio-political and historical pamphlets of the 19th & 20th centuries from the collection of the UCLA Library
Microfilm 10596 109 reels Printed guide: Firestone Microforms Z2956 .C65 1996
A collection of pamphlets and short monographs, mostly printed in the 20th century. In Serbocroation and other languages. The guide includes author, title and subject indexes.
Anti-semitism and nationalism at the end of the Soviet era [microform]
Microfiche 1583 138 microfiches Printed guide: Firestone Microforms Oversize DK33 .A574 1993q
"Leaflets, newspapers, posters, documents, photographs, documenting anti-Semitism and nationalism in the Soviet Union."